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SON OF DAVID
Asked to name the sons of David, most Christians won't know the names or number, but will usually identify Solomon who succeeded David, and Absalom who died trying (hung by his hair), and the son who raped his sister.
David's Family Tree
What was so great about being descended from David? Didn't David have scores of offspring, and some who didn't behave as well as he?
God said "I have found David, son of Jesse, a man after mine own heart". Acts13:22 But wait! Solomon was the son selected by God to build 'the house of God', the Temple. 1Chr22:9.
Jesus is the son selected by God to build the spiritual House of God. Heb3:6. A temple not made with hands, but with the lively stones, 1Pet2:5, of those who accept Him as their saviour.
The Covenant of David "Thus saith the LORD; If ye can break my covenant of the day, and my covenant of the night, and that there should not be day and night in their season; Then may also my covenant be broken with David my servant, that he should not have a son to reign upon his throne..." Jer33:21. The Covenant of David is what leads to why Jesus is called 'Son of David'.
Jesus wasn’t literally the biological Son of David, but that’s what He’s called in Matthew 1:1, and by several New Testament individuals. Mt9:27, 20:31, etc. It's the name-change figure of speech ANTONOMASIA (an-toe-noe-MAY-sia), as when we call someone by the name of a person notorious for some act or attribute.
.."Father David"!! The angel Gabriel told Mary, Lk1:31, "thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and bring forth a son, and shall call his name Jesus. He shall be great, and shall be called Son of the Highest and the Lord God shall give him the throne of his father David".
His ‘supposed’ father, Joseph (husband of Mary) is also called “son of David”, Mt1:20, Lk3:23. Not literally, of course, but figuratively by pedigree he descended from David through Nathan, as recorded in Luke chapter three.
The Book of Ruth concludes with the generations leading to David:
from Boaz to Obed to Jesse to David.Boaz was the son of Rahab & Salmon, and became the husband of Ruth, and father of Obed.
Jesus spoke of this title of “Son of David”, Mt22:43, by referring to Psalm 110:1 and asking how the Lord could be his son.
“The LORD said unto my Lord (note the capitalized letters in each "lord"), Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool.” Ps110:1
Translation: Jehovah said unto Jesus, Be the ‘son of my right hand’. Here we see the principle of ‘skipping’ generations rather than saying ‘great, great, great, etc. grandson.’ Mary’s bloodline went all the way back to David by way of Solomon, but Jesus’ bloodline came direct from Father God. Modern medicine knows that the baby’s blood is determined by the father.
The many wives and sons of David.
Michal, daughter of Saul, 1Sam18:26 |
She died childless, 2Sam6:23. Her ‘five sons’ of 2Sam21:8 belonged to Adriel. |
Ahinoam, the Jezreelitess 1Chr3:1 |
Son #1 = Amnon, the rapist, 2Sam13:14 |
Abigail, the Carmelitess, formerly the wife of Nabal, 1Sam25:3. A wise woman. |
Son #2 = Daniel (or Chileab) 1Chr3:1 |
Maachah, daughter of Talmai, king of Geshur |
Son #3 = Absalom - 2Sam18:14,18 |
Haggith - a woman (female) |
Son #4 = Adonijah “son of Haggith” |
Abital - wife number six, apparently |
Son #5 = Shephatiah |
Eglah - wife number seven |
Son #6 = Ithream “these six were born unto him in Hebron...” 1Chr3:4 |
Bathsheba (or Bathshua, 1Chr3:5) - wife #8 In Jerusalem |
#7 = Shimea, - #8 = Shobab #9 = Nathan - #10 = Solomon |
Unclear whether the baby that died was included here. Perhaps ‘Shimea’? |
#11 = Ibhar - #12 = Elishua #13 = Eliphelet - #14 = Nogah |
Twenty (20) sons of David, not including those of concubines, and not including his daughter Tamar. 1Chr3:9 or his other sons and daughters. |
#15 = Nepheg - #16 = Japhia - #17 = Elishama - #18 = Eliadah |
Four verses of scripture tell us that David ruled seven (7) years in Hebron, and thirty-three (33) in Jerusalem. - 2Sam5:5, 1Kings2:11, 1Chr3:4, 1Chr29:27 - 40 yrs. total.
Analogy:
The 4th son of Leah was Judah - Here the 4th son of Bathsheba is Solomon.
Six (6) Sons Born to him in Hebron: 2Sam3:2 - Amnon, Chileab(aka Daniel), Absalom, Adonijah, Shephatiah, Ithream
Two women named Abigail in David’s life: his sister, 1Chr2:16, and one of his wives, 1Sam25:3. -- His daughter and grand-daughter were both named Tamar. 2Sam15:27.
Eleven (11) Sons Born in Jerusalem: 2Sam5:14 Shammuah, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon
plus: Ibhar, Elishua, Nepheg, Japhia, Elishamah, Eliadah, Eliphalet.
Two sons are in question: #13-Eliphelet and #14-Nogah because they aren’t listed in 2Sam5:14. Also, #19-Eliphelet has the same name as #13-Eliphelet, which seems unlikely, and is possibly another case of a copyist error or a spelling typo.
"And David took him more concubines and wives out of Jerusalem , after he was come from Hebron: and there were yet sons and daughters born to David. 2Sam5:13
Why was Jesus called a "Son of David"?
So WE can be called "Sons of God", and "Seed of Abraham", and Kings and Priests; like David!
"As many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God; to them that believe on his name" John 1:12 "And has made us unto our God kings and priests", Rev5:10 "Beloved, now are we the sons of God", 1Jn3:2
The multiple wives in the Old Testament are not simply truth concerning the culture of those times, but is also a precept for teaching how the New Testament believers are "wives" in the Body-of-Christ, as well as spiritual virgins who have said "be it unto me according to thy Word" (like Mary did).
The Apostle Paul wrote: "For I am jealous over you with godly jealousy: for I have espoused you to one husband, that I may present you as a chaste virgin to Christ". 2Cor11:2
Solomon was the Son-of-David chosen to build the House-of-God, the magnificent physical Temple. 1Chr22:9.
Jesus is the Son-of-David chosen to build the spiritual (figurative) House-of-God. Heb3:6. Assuredly, on a firm foundation.
"Christ as a Son over his own house; whose house are we, if we hold fast the confidence and the rejoicing of the hope firm unto the end". Heb3:6.
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King David had two sisters, Abigail and Zeruiah, and the latter had three sons: Joab, Abishai, and Asahel, 2Sam2:18, who were among his "mighty-men" (different from the Genesis 6:4 mighty-men). Joab, Benaiah of Jehoida, and David's nephew Abishai seem to be the leadership three, and the three who risked their lives to bring a drink of Bethlehem water to David were Adino, Eleazar, and Shammah. 2Sam23:8-11. 2Sam23:24 KJV spells the "Thirty mighty men" like this: Asahel1 - Elhanan - Shammah - Elika - Helez - Ira(Ikkesh) - Abiezer - Mebunnai - Zalmon - Maharai - Heleb - Ittai - 2Benaiah(Pira) - Hiddai - Abialbon - Azmaveth - Eliabah - 3Jonathan - Shammah - Ahiam - Eliphelet - Eliam - Hezrai - Paarai - Igal - Bani - Zelek - Naharai - Ira(Ithrite) - Gareb - Uriah These lists of difficult names are admittedly tiresome and confusing, but sometimes reveal deeper truths. It tells me that God takes note of individuals, including "whosoevers", and since "we wrestle NOT against flesh and blood", Eph6:12, we aren't required to have bulging biceps or magnificent physiques. Jesus was about 30 when he was baptized, and had a 3 year ministry. Alexander the Great was reportedly 33 yrs. of age when he died in the palace at Babylon. In counting the generations from Adam, David is #33 and Jesus is #66. Now here we read about the thirty and three mighty men of David. The Bible repeatedly records how David reigned 7 years in Hebron and thirty-three (33) in Jerusalem. It's not etched in granite, but to my way of thinking the pattern shows how the number 33 is symbolically David's number. |
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"Praise the Lord" |
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Last modified 11 July 2006 by Bob Smith.