James Fenimore Cooper

James Fenimore Cooper was born in Burlington, New Jersey on September 15, 1789. He was the eleventh of twelve children born to William and Elizabeth Cooper. When James was one year old the family moved to the frontier, and his father established the settlement of Cooperstown at the head of the Susquehanna River.

Cooper attended a private preparatory school at Albany, New York, and was then admitted to Yale in 1803. He was expelled during his junior year because of a prank. His family allowed him to join the navy as a midshipman, but he soon found that more discipline was present in the Navy than at Yale. In 1810 Cooper took a furlough, and never returned to active duty.

Cooper married Susan De Lancy in 1811, and for the next ten years he led the life of a country gentleman. However, after the death of all five of his elder brothers he became responsible for supporting their widows and paying their debts. Added to this was the fact that his father's estate had not been worth as much as originally thought.

In 1820 Cooper published his first fiction, Precaution, on a challenge from his wife. This novel was a plodding imitation of Jane Austen, and was largely unsuccessful. In 1821 he published his second book, The Spy, to praise from reviewers. The Spy was modeled after Sir Walter Scott's "Waverly" novels, except it was set during the American Revolution. The Spy brought Cooper international fame and a certain amount of wealth.

Cooper's third book, The Pioneers, was the first of five novels that made up the Leatherstocking Tales. These were immensely popular frontier novels featuring a frontiersman by the name of Natty Bumpo, or Hawkeye. The Pioneers is generally considered to be the first truly American novel. The five novels of the series were not written in their narrative order, and were produced over a period of eighteen years.

Cooper and his wife had five children, and they lived in Europe from 1826 until 1833 for the education of their children. When Cooper returned to America in 1833 he found he was rather unpopular due to works he had written while living in Europe, namely Notions of the Americans and Letter to General Lafayette. He left New York City because of this unpopularity, and went to live in Cooperstown, New York, the settlement founded by his father.

Cooper died at Cooperstown on September 14, 1851, one day before his sixty-second birthday. Cooper was, and continues to be, an immensely popular writer, and he is generally considered to be the first major American novelist.

Title	Publication Date	Natty Bumppo's Age	Set in Year
The Pioneers	1823	70	1793
Natty Bumppo first appears as a seasoned scout in advancing years, with the dying Chingachgook, the old Indian chief and his faithful comrade, as the eastern forest frontier begins to disappear and Chingachgook dies.
The Last of the Mohicans	1826	40	1757
An adventure of the French and Indian Wars in the Lake George county.
The Prairie	1827	90	1804
Set in the new frontier where the Leatherstocking dies.
The Pathfinder	1840	40	1757
Continuing the same border warfare in the St. Lawrence and Lake Ontario country.
The Deerslayer	1841	23	1740-45
Early adventures with the hostile Hurons on Lake Otsego, NY.

Click here for the full text of Cooper's classic novel, The Last of the Mohicans

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James Fenimore Cooper